Understanding Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis causes bones to become weak and brittle—so brittle that a fall or even mild stresses such as bending over or coughing can cause a fracture.
Key Fact: Osteoporosis-related fractures most commonly occur in the hip, wrist, or spine.
Common Symptoms
Back Pain
Pain caused by a fractured or collapsed vertebra in the spine.
Loss of Height
Gradually becoming shorter over time as the spine compresses.
Stooped Posture
A curved upper back (kyphosis or 'dowager's hump').
Bone Fractures
A bone that breaks much more easily than expected from a minor injury.
Risk Factors
- Female sex (especially post-menopausal)
- Age
- Low calcium intake
- Sedentary lifestyle
Diagnosis & Treatment
Diagnosis
The gold standard for diagnosis is a bone density test that measures bone mineral levels.
DEXA Scan (Bone Density)
FRAX Score
Blood Calcium Levels
Vitamin D Test
Common Treatments
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Bisphosphonates: The most common medications prescribed for osteoporosis treatment.
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Calcium and Vitamin D: Ensuring adequate intake to support bone rebuilding and strength.
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Weight-bearing Exercise: Walking, jogging, or weight lifting to help maintain bone density.