Understanding Keratoconus
Keratoconus is an eye condition in which the normally round cornea thins and begins to bulge into a cone-like shape, causing distorted vision.
Key Fact: Keratoconus usually begins in the teenage years or early 20s and may progress for 10-20 years before slowing down.
Common Symptoms
Blurry Vision
Vision that becomes progressively more distorted and blurry over time.
Multiple Images
Seeing multiple images ('ghosting') instead of just one, especially at night.
Sensitivity to Light
Increased discomfort when exposed to bright lights and glare.
Sudden Vision Worsening
Rapid decline in vision if the cornea develops a tear (hydrops).
Risk Factors
- Family history
- Vigorous eye rubbing
- Certain conditions like Down syndrome or hay fever
Diagnosis & Treatment
Diagnosis
Diagnosis involves measuring the shape and thickness of the cornea.
Corneal Topography
Slit-lamp Exam
Pachymetry
Visual Acuity Test
Common Treatments
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Scleral Contact Lenses: Specialized hard lenses that vault over the irregular cornea to provide clear vision.
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Corneal Cross-linking: A procedure that uses UV light and riboflavin to strengthen corneal tissue and stop progression.
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Corneal Transplant: Surgical replacement of the cornea for patients with severe scarring or thinning.