Understanding Influenza
Influenza (flu) is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses that infect the nose, throat, and sometimes the lungs.
Key Fact: The flu can cause mild to severe illness, and at times can lead to death. The best way to prevent flu is by getting a flu vaccine each year.
Common Symptoms
Fever and Chills
Feeling feverish or having chills, though not everyone with flu will have a fever.
Cough
A persistent cough that often starts dry but may become productive.
Sore Throat
Scratchy or painful sensation in the throat especially when swallowing.
Body Aches
Significant muscle or body aches that can make it hard to get out of bed.
Risk Factors
- Young children and elderly
- Pregnant women
- Weakened immune system
- Chronic medical conditions
Diagnosis & Treatment
Diagnosis
Diagnosis can often be made based on clinical symptoms during peak flu season, or through rapid testing.
Common Treatments
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Antiviral Drugs: Medications like oseltamivir (Tamiflu) that can shorten the illness by 1-2 days.
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Rest and Fluids: Crucial for allowing the body to recover and preventing dehydration.
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Over-the-counter Relief: Acetaminophen or ibuprofen to manage fever and pain.