Understanding Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is a serious liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). For some people, hepatitis B infection becomes chronic, meaning it lasts more than six months.
Key Fact: Hepatitis B is preventable by a vaccine that's safe and effective, and which is usually given to infants shortly after birth.
Common Symptoms
Jaundice
Yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes caused by bilirubin buildup.
Dark Urine
Urine that appears darker than normal, similar to the color of tea or cola.
Abdominal Pain
Discomfort or pain especially in the upper right side of the abdomen near the liver.
Nausea and Vomiting
Systemic symptoms during the acute phase of the infection.
Risk Factors
- Sharing needles or syringes
- Unprotected sex with an infected partner
- Being born to an infected mother
- Healthcare work exposure to blood
Diagnosis & Treatment
Diagnosis
Diagnosis involves blood tests that can detect the virus and determine if the infection is acute or chronic.
Common Treatments
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Antiviral Medications: Drugs like tenofovir or entecavir that help fight the virus and reduce liver damage.
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Interferon Injections: A man-made version of a substance the body produces to fight infection.
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Liver Transplant: A surgical option for end-stage liver disease caused by chronic Hepatitis B.