Understanding Dengue Fever
Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral infection that causes a severe flu-like illness and, occasionally, a potentially lethal complication called severe dengue.
Key Fact: Dengue is transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which typically bites during the day, particularly around sunrise and sunset.
Common Symptoms
High Fever
Sudden onset of high fever reaching up to 40°C (104°F).
Severe Headache
Intense pain often localized behind the eyes.
Bone and Joint Pain
Pain so severe it is sometimes called 'breakbone fever'.
Skin Rash
A rash that typically appears 2 to 5 days after the onset of fever.
Risk Factors
- Living in or traveling to tropical regions
- Stagnant water near living areas
- Previous dengue infection (increases risk of severe dengue)
- Lack of mosquito protection
Diagnosis & Treatment
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is confirmed through specialized blood tests that detect the virus or its antibodies.
NS1 Antigen Test
Dengue IgM/IgG Antibody Test
Complete Blood Count (CBC)
PCR Test
Common Treatments
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Pain Relievers: Using acetaminophen (paracetamol) to control pain and fever; avoid aspirin or ibuprofen.
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Aggressive Hydration: Consuming large amounts of water and electrolyte solutions to prevent dehydration.
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Close Monitoring: Hospitalization for patients showing 'warning signs' such as persistent vomiting or bleeding gums.